On 30 December 1922, the revolutionary republics of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) formed the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics (USSR). The Soviet-Union was meant to be a union of the working class, a country not build for one ethnicity or people, but a union by workers for workers. History has shown us that it never became a state for the working class. But what the USSR was able to do in its 70 year history remains an inspiration and also a curse. Because the ruling class is using the failures of Stalinism as a weapon against the working class. The Soviet-Union is part of the capitalist propaganda machine and we must learn from that fact, not to glorify nor neglect it.
100 years ago on 30 December, the worst nightmare of Winston Churchill came into reality. The former British Secretary of State for War had to watch as his pawns in Russia were defeated. Revolutionary workers under leadership of the Russian Communist Party had won the Russian civil war and defeated the White Armies of anti-Communists, who were supported by the British and Churchill. He always hated the idea of workers rule. Winston Churchill had said that he wanted to eliminate the Russian revolution and crush anybody who stood up to capitalism and imperialism. This is why he fully called for 40.000 British troops to be send into Russia to help the reactionary anti-Semitic White Armies!
The western intervention into the Russian civil war failed. But in the long run, the degeneration of the Soviet-Union turned out to be a major lifesaver for capitalism. Joseph Stalin rejected the idea of world revolution. At first he called for socialism in one country and then said that communists must work with progressive capitalists. This is why many communist parties today are part of capitalist electoral coalitions. Stalinism made sure that the communist movement became paralyzed and a propaganda mouth for Moscow. Today communist parties play no major role in world politics. Those who still rule in countries like Cuba, Vietnam, Laos and China have mostly accepted market capitalism.
Although revolutionary socialists gave no political support to the Stalinists, the Soviet-Union was seen by many as a alternative to western capitalism. Even among sections of the social-democratic left, there was admiration and even sympathy. This was mainly the result of campism, the idea that the world was divided into two camps; one ”democratic” and one ”communist”. Those who rejected the western ”democratic” camp were more or less pushed into the supposed ”communist” camp and those supported western democracy, were more or less pushed into the ”democratic” camp. We rejected this campist idea as the Soviet-Union was not socialist and the western world was not democratic by nature!
The first Cold War (1945-1991) was the period of major technological innovation as the two sides competed with each other. Had the Soviet-Union been a genuine union of workers councils, then it would have been able to surpass western countries like the United States of America. But the USSR was hindered by a parasitical caste of bureaucrats who wanted total control. The parasites of the Communist Party of the Soviet-Union gave themselves privileges and status, while working class people were left with breadcrumbs. Leaders like Leonid Brezhnev lived in luxurious houses, while the average Soviet worker could not even buy a car. Stalinism did gave workers a glimp of what is possible under a nationalized economy.
Today the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics is still remembered by former Soviet citizens as something positive (seen on this You-Tube channel). This is exploited by nationalist dictators like Vladimir Putin and Alexander Lukashenko. The Belarussian dictator used nostalgia for Soviet stability to win the first presidential elections in 1994. Lukashenko restored the symbols of Soviet Belarus (minus the hammer and sickle) and kept almost all aspects of Soviet life intact. This made him popular in the 1990’s, because in Russia millions ended up in poverty due to free market fundamentalism. Boris Yeltsin became the most hated man in Russia and when he gave up the presidency to Vladimir Putin, nobody was sad to see the drunken Russian leader go.
Western capitalist commentators use the USSR as a Red Scare weapon. They claim that Soviet life was grey, backward, terrible and inferior to the way of life under western capitalism. These propagandists never talked to people who actual lived under Stalinism. Yes in 1992, many had illusions about capitalism and fully believed the lie that they would all own cars, mansions, enough money for a luxurious life. This is what capitalists (and their western governments) told workers they would get, if their governments privatized the economy and open it up for western ”investment”. At the end of the 1990’s, this lie was exposed as capitalism created only massive poverty.
Capitalist barbarity has resulted in deep nostalgia towards the grey, but stable Soviet life. Capitalism may created more choices, but made many basis products too expensive for ordinary workers. At the same time we must not forget that the USSR was not destroyed by western governments nor by capitalists. The parasites of the Communist Party of the Soviet-Union destroyed the USSR as they embraced the god of free market capitalism. In the end, Leon Trotsky was right. The return of capitalism was a logical result of the Stalinist bureaucracy deciding to abandon their Marxist-Leninist façade on 25 December 1991.
Vladimir Putin abuses the Soviet-Union to justify his great Russian chauvinism. For Putin and his imperialists, the USSR was a great Russian state. The use of the Soviet flag by Russian imperialist forces in Ukraine does not mean that Putin is a internationalist or a Marxist. For these Russians the Soviet flag is a reminder of a time when Moscow ruled over Ukraine. They wish for Ukraine to be subjugated as it was under czarist and Stalinist times. This is why the use of the Soviet flag is a major paradox. Because the USSR was founded in direct opposition to Russian imperialism and capitalism.
Revolutionary socialists say that the foundation of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics on 26 December 1922 was a major blow to capitalism. For 70 years it could not exploit workers, land and resources of 22.402.200 km² of this world. The ruling class always hated the idea that they had lost Russia. When China also turned against capitalism in 1949, the capitalists lost control over another 9.597.000 km² of the planet. The return of capitalism in both Russia and China is not because of its supposed superiority as we often hear in the west. It returned because the parasites of the ruling Stalinist/Maoist bureaucracies decided to dump their facades and join the capitalists in exploiting workers, land and resources.
Today we can defeat capitalism again as Lenin and the Russian Communist Party did in 1922. It is in fact much easier compared to 100 years ago. Workers today are more educated, they have all learned to read and write. Why then is capitalism still ruling supreme? This is due to indoctrination, misinformation and the fact that the political left-wing fails to provide a socialist alternative. Left-wing parties/groups like the Democratic Socialists of America, are not able to brake with the power structures of capitalism due to their reformism, the misguided social-democratic believe that they can reform the system from within. Too many leftists fail to understand that a revolutionary brake with capitalism is needed.
But there is hope. A new generation is growing in understanding that the system cannot be changed. The generation born into the 21 century is less if not dependent on traditional media outlets like television or newspapers. If a young girl in Sweden is able to rally millions against climate change, what can young people do if they understand that more is needed. Greta Thunberg seems to realize that you cannot save the climate under capitalism. If she can persuade millions of young people that socialism is the alternative, then the capitalists should be very worried. It would require a clear understand of what socialism is as our idea is misinterpreted by almost all political propagandists.
Socialism is not big government or total government. It is not about more taxes for working class people or a deeply bureaucratic government making your life a hell. This is not what we call socialism. For revolutionary socialists, socialism is the democratic rule of working class people over the state, economy and society. We do not believe that the current state/government can be made to work for workers. We need to brake up the state/government and transform them into organizations of the working class. This is why Lenin choose to abolish all elements of the Czarist state, while the Stalinists simply took over states and renamed them. Socialism cannot be build on existing capitalist states, economies and societies. This is why we call for a revolutionary change.
100 years ago, the Soviet-Union was the first state that claimed to be socialist. Although it never became socialist, the USSR inspirited millions to fight and oppose capitalism. However it also mislead millions into a lie, an illusion that was not real socialism. When the Stalinist façade collapsed, many self styled anti-capitalists abandoned their struggle for socialism in deep disillusion. Today only a few dogmatic Stalinists support the communist parties in Vietnam, Laos, Cuba and China. These ”communist” parties are not allies of the working class in the struggle against capitalism!
In the struggle against capitalism we can learn from the Soviet-Union, but also not forget that this state failed to become socialist. We need mass workers parties on a socialist program in all countries of the world. This is what International Socialist Alternative tries to build in at least 30 countries of the world.
We call on a all youth and workers to join us in the struggle for a world free from capitalist exploitation, pollution and destruction.